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软件测试作为保证软件质量和可靠性的关键技术手段正日益受到广泛的重视。软件测试就是在软件投入运行前，对软件需求分析、设计规格说明和编码的最终复审，是软件质量保证的关键步骤。软件测试是为了发现错误而执行程序的过程。软件测试在软件生存期中横跨两个阶段：通常在编写出每一个模块之后就对它做必要的测试（称为单元测试）。编码和单元测试属于软件生存期中的同一个阶段。在结束这个阶段后对软件系统还要进行各种综合测试，这是软件生存期的另一个独立阶段，即测试阶段。但如何进行测试,如何提高测试的质量和效率,从而确保软件产品的质量和可靠性,仍是令许多人深感困绕的问题。本论文仅根据本人这一年从事软件测试研究与实践的体会,结合对企业信息机系统进行的全面系统测试，来简要介绍软件测试的基本过程,以及一些常用的技术手段、测试策略和准则,并介绍两个很有特色并具有代表性的软件测试支持工具。
Software testing, as a key technique to ensure software quanlity and reliability, has gained more and more attention each day. Software testing is the final re-examing for SRS, Design Specifications and coding before the software's release. It is the vital step to ensure the software quanlity.
Software testing is a process of executing codings just to find defects/bugs in a software. It expands over 2 stages of a software's development life cycle: usually a necessary testing right after each module is finished(called Unit Test). Coding and Unit Testing belong to the same stage of a software's development life cycle. Various other overall testings are needed on a software system after this period. This is another independent stage in a software's development life cycle, called testing stage. But how to test, how to improve tests' quanlity and efficiency to ensure a software product's quanlity and reliablity, are still questions that pussling many people. This article, based on my one-year research and practice in software testing area, coupled with complete system testing on an enterprise information system, will simply introduce the basic process of software testing, as well as some commonly used technical skills, testing methodologies and guidelines. It also introduces two very unique and typical software testing support tools. |
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发表于 2006-5-31 15:50:04
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