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本帖最后由 Adagio 于 2012-9-20 15:07 编辑
给大家提供一些Wikipedia上的定义以供参考：
Software quality assurance (SQA) consists of a means of monitoring the software engineering processes and methods used to ensure quality.
The methods by which this is accomplished are many and varied, and may include ensuring conformance to one or more standards, such as ISO 9000 or a model such as CMMI.
SQA encompasses the entire software development process, which includes processes such as requirements definition, software design, coding, source code control, code reviews, change management,configuration management, testing, release management, and product integration. SQA is organized into goals, commitments, abilities, activities, measurements, and verifications.
从这里不难看出，SQA涵盖了软件开发的整个过程，而这个过程包括了需求定义，产品设计，程序开发，测试，发布管理和产品整合等等，可见测试只是这条链中的一个环节。
Software testing is a part of the SQA process. In SQA, software process specialists and auditors are concerned for the software development process rather than just the artifacts such as documentation, code and systems. They examine and change the software engineering process itself to reduce the number of faults that end up in the delivered software: the so-called "defect rate". What constitutes an "acceptable defect rate" depends on the nature of the software; A flight simulator video game would have much higher defect tolerance than software for an actual airplane. Although there are close links with SQA, testing departments often exist independently, and there may be no SQA function in some companies.
这里很明确地指出测试是QA流程的一部分。QA人员主要是检查并改善整个软件的开发过程，以降低最终投付使用的产品中的问题。
Software testing is a task intended to detect defects in software by contrasting a computer program's expected results with its actual results for a given set of inputs. By contrast, QA is the implementation of policies and procedures intended to prevent defects from occurring in the first place.
软件测试是靠对比预计结果和实际结果来发现问题。相反，QA是靠建立一些步骤来预防问题。 |
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