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签到天数: 1050 天 连续签到: 1 天 [LV.10]测试总司令
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1测试积点
1.源代码
AccountService.java
- package com.account;
- import com.account.Account;
- import com.account.AccountManager;
- public class AccountService
- {
- //使用的帐户管理器实现
- private AccountManager accountManager;
- //设置帐户管理器实现的设置方法
- public void setAccountManager( AccountManager manager )
- {
- this.accountManager = manager;
- }
- //一个设置客户经理实现从账户到账户的senderId beneficiaryId setter方法。
- //senderId:转出方Id
- //beneficiaryId:收益方Id
- //amount:金额
- public void transfer( String senderId, String beneficiaryId, long amount )
- {
- //初始化转出方与收益方,findAccountForUser为接口类方法
- Account sender = this.accountManager.findAccountForUser( senderId );
- Account beneficiary = this.accountManager.findAccountForUser( beneficiaryId );
- //转入和收益
- sender.debit( amount );
- beneficiary.credit( amount );
- //更新,updateAccount为接口类方法
- this.accountManager.updateAccount( sender );
- this.accountManager.updateAccount( beneficiary );
- }
- }
复制代码 Account.java
- package com.account;
- public class Account
- {
- private String accountId;
- private long balance;
- public Account(String accountId, long initialBalance)
- {
- this.accountId = accountId;
- this.balance = initialBalance;
- }
- //借记
- public void debit( long amount )
- {
- this.balance -= amount;
- }
- //信用
- public void credit( long amount )
- {
- this.balance += amount;
- }
- public long getBalance()
- {
- return this.balance;
- }
- }
复制代码 AccountManager.java
- package com.account;
- import com.account.Account;
- public interface AccountManager
- {
- Account findAccountForUser(String userId );
- void updateAccount(Account account );
- }
复制代码 由于在这里AccountManager.java仅仅做了一个interface,我们主要Mock的是这个类。这几个类的类关系图如下:
通常的调用方法如下:
- @Test
- public void testTransferOK() {
- Account sendAccount = new Account("1",200);
- Account beneficiaryAccount = new Account("2",100);
- AccountManager. updateAccount( senderAccount );
- AccountManager.updateAccount( beneficiaryAccount );
- AccountManager.findAccountForUser("1" )
- AccountManager.findAccountForUser( "2" )
- AccountService accountService = new AccountService();
- accountService.setAccountManager(AccountManager);
- accountService.transfer("1","2",50); //转钱
- Assertions.assertEquals(150,sendAccount.getBalance());
- Assertions.assertEquals(150,beneficiaryAccount.getBalance());
- }
复制代码 2.最通用的Mock技术 StubAccountManager.java
- package com.account;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- public class StubAccountManager implements AccountManager{
- private HashMap<String,Account> accounts = new HashMap<String,Account>();
- public void addAcount(String userId,Account account){
- this.accounts.put(userId,account);
- }
-
- public Account findAccountForUser(String userId){
- return this.accounts.get(userId);
- }
-
- public void updateAccount(Account account){
- //do nothing
- }
- }
复制代码 Account.java
- import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
- public class TestAccountService {
- @Test
- public void testTransferOK() {
- StubAccountManager stubAccountManager = new StubAccountManager(); //定义MockAccountManager类
- Account sendAccount = new Account("1",200); //定义收钱方和出钱方两个Account
- Account beneficiaryAccount = new Account("2",100);
- stubAccountManager.addAcount("1", sendAccount); //初始化收钱方和出钱方HashMap
- stubAccountManager.addAcount("2", beneficiaryAccount);
- AccountService accountService = new AccountService(); //初始化AccountService类
- accountService.setAccountManager(stubAccountManager); //初始化AccountManager
- accountService.transfer("1","2",50); //转钱
- Assertions.assertEquals(150,sendAccount.getBalance()); //判断转换后收付方金额是否正确
- Assertions.assertEquals(150,beneficiaryAccount.getBalance());
- }}
复制代码 3.EasyMock技术 EasyMock需要以下两个jar包:easymock-2.4.jar和easymockclassextension-2.4.jar
TestAccountServiceEasyMock.java
- package com.account;
- import static org.easymock.EasyMock.createMock;
- import static org.easymock.EasyMock.replay;
- import static org.easymock.EasyMock.expect;
- import static org.easymock.EasyMock.verify;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
- import com.account.Account;
- import com.account.AccountManager;
- import com.account.AccountService;
- public class TestAccountServiceEasyMock {
- private AccountManager mockAccountManager;
- @BeforeEach
- public void setUp()
- {
- //初始化easyMock
- mockAccountManager = createMock("mockAccountManager", AccountManager.class );
- }
- @Test
- @DisplayName("测试转账")
- public void testTransferOk()
- {
- Account senderAccount = new Account( "1", 200 );
- Account beneficiaryAccount = new Account( "2", 100 );
-
- //开始定义期望
- mockAccountManager.updateAccount( senderAccount );
- mockAccountManager.updateAccount( beneficiaryAccount );
- //EasyMock的expect和replay方法
- expect( mockAccountManager.findAccountForUser( "1" ) ).andReturn( senderAccount ); //期望返回senderAccount
- expect( mockAccountManager.findAccountForUser( "2" ) ).andReturn( beneficiaryAccount ); //期望返beneficiaryAccount
- replay( mockAccountManager );//切换到replay状态 Record-> replay,在replay状态才可以进行验证
- AccountService accountService = new AccountService();
- accountService.setAccountManager( mockAccountManager );
- accountService.transfer( "1", "2", 50 );
- Assertions.assertEquals( 150, senderAccount.getBalance() );
- Assertions.assertEquals( 150, beneficiaryAccount.getBalance() );
- }
- @AfterEach
- public void tearDown()
- {
- verify( mockAccountManager );
- }
- }
复制代码 4. JMock技术 JMock依赖下面11个jar包。另外JMock不完全兼容JUnit5
TestAccountServiceJMock.java
4.1 One,one of JMock2.4版以前:one;
JMock2.51版以后:one of。
- oneOf (anObject).doSomething(); will(returnValue(10));
- oneOf (anObject).doSomething(); will(returnValue(20));
- oneOf (anObject).doSomething(); will(returnValue(30));
复制代码 第一次调用时会返回10,第二次会返回20,第三次会返回30。 4.2 atLeast(n).of
- atLeast(1).of (anObject).doSomething();
- will(onConsecutiveCalls( returnValue(10), returnValue(20), returnValue(30)));
复制代码 这里atLeast (1)表明doSomething方法将至少被调用一次,但不超过3次。且调用的返回值分别是10、20、30.
5. mockito技术 需要mockito-all-1.9.5.jar包。
- package com.account;
- import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
- import org.mockito.Mockito;
- import com.account.Account;
- import com.account.AccountManager;
- import com.account.AccountService;
- public class TestAccountServiceMockito {
- private AccountManager mockAccountManager;
- private Account senderAccount;
- private Account beneficiaryAccount;
- @BeforeEach
- public void setUp(){
- mockAccountManager = Mockito.mock(AccountManager.class);
-
- senderAccount = new Account( "1", 200 );
- beneficiaryAccount = new Account( "2", 100 );
-
- mockAccountManager.updateAccount( senderAccount );
- mockAccountManager.updateAccount( beneficiaryAccount );
-
- when(mockAccountManager.findAccountForUser("1")).thenReturn( senderAccount );
- when(mockAccountManager.findAccountForUser("2")).thenReturn( beneficiaryAccount );
- }
-
- @Test
- @DisplayName("测试转账")
- public void test() {
- AccountService accountService = new AccountService();
- accountService.setAccountManager( mockAccountManager );
- accountService.transfer( "1", "2", 50 );
- Assertions.assertEquals( 150, senderAccount.getBalance() );
- Assertions.assertEquals( 150, beneficiaryAccount.getBalance() );
- }
- }
复制代码
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