Cucumber行为驱动,
简称BDD,
其核心思想是把自然语言转换成代码;
但在敏捷开发的过程中,
这种东西极大的束缚了测试人员的手脚,
感觉它像封建时代的八股文,
要遵守严格的韵律,
反正我个人十分反感;
就像在做功能测试的时候,
那种基于Excel文档的测试;
自动化测试的目的是解放双手、提高效率,
而不是跳入另外一个坑。
用Maven构建Cucumber依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-jvm</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>
<version>1.2.4</version>
</dependency>
baiduSearch.feature配置文件:
# language: zh-CN
功能: 百度搜索的测试用例
场景大纲: 分别搜索<word>
假如我打开火狐浏览器
当输入百度的网址后,页面跳转到"https://www.baidu.com/"
当输入<word>,点击搜索按钮之后
那么页面标题会变为<result>
同时关闭火狐浏览器
例子:
|word |result |
|Selenium |Selenium_百度搜索 |
|JMeter |JMeter_百度搜索 |
|Appium |Appium_百度搜索 |
这个文件是可以直接运行的,会在控制台输出:Undefined step: 假如 我打开火狐浏览器
Undefined step: 当 输入百度的网址后,页面跳转到"https://www.baidu.com/"
Undefined step: 当 输入Selenium,点击搜索按钮之后
Undefined step: 那么 页面标题会变为Selenium_百度搜索
Undefined step: 同时 关闭火狐浏览器
Undefined step: 假如 我打开火狐浏览器
Undefined step: 当 输入百度的网址后,页面跳转到"https://www.baidu.com/"
Undefined step: 当 输入JMeter,点击搜索按钮之后
Undefined step: 那么 页面标题会变为JMeter_百度搜索
Undefined step: 同时 关闭火狐浏览器
Undefined step: 假如 我打开火狐浏览器
Undefined step: 当 输入百度的网址后,页面跳转到"https://www.baidu.com/"
Undefined step: 当 输入Appium,点击搜索按钮之后
3 Scenarios (3 undefined)
15 Steps (15 undefined)
0m0.000s
You can implement missing steps with the snippets below:
@假如("^我打开火狐浏览器$")
public void 我打开火狐浏览器() throws Throwable {
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
throw new PendingException();
}
@当("^输入百度的网址后,页面跳转到\"([^\"]*)\"$")
public void 输入百度的网址后_页面跳转到(String arg1) throws Throwable {
Undefined step: 那么 页面标题会变为Appium_百度搜索
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
throw new PendingException();
}
@当("^输入Selenium,点击搜索按钮之后$")
public void 输入selenium_点击搜索按钮之后() throws Throwable {
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
throw new PendingException();
}
@那么("^页面标题会变为Selenium_百度搜索$")
public void 页面标题会变为selenium_百度搜索() throws Throwable {
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
throw new PendingException();
}
@那么("^关闭火狐浏览器$")
public void 关闭火狐浏览器() throws Throwable {
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
throw new PendingException();
}
@当("^输入JMeter,点击搜索按钮之后$")
public void 输入jmeter_点击搜索按钮之后() throws Throwable {
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
throw new PendingException();
}
@那么("^页面标题会变为JMeter_百度搜索$")
public void 页面标题会变为jmeter_百度搜索() throws Throwable {
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
throw new PendingException();
}
@当("^输入Appium,点击搜索按钮之后$")
public void 输入appium_点击搜索按钮之后() throws Throwable {
Undefined step: 同时 关闭火狐浏览器
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
throw new PendingException();
}
@那么("^页面标题会变为Appium_百度搜索$")
public void 页面标题会变为appium_百度搜索() throws Throwable {
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
throw new PendingException();}
测试用例类CucumberBaidu.java:
import cucumber.api.java.zh_cn.假如;
import cucumber.api.java.zh_cn.同时;
import cucumber.api.java.zh_cn.当;
import cucumber.api.java.zh_cn.那么;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;
import org.testng.Assert;
public class CucumberBaidu {
private static WebDriver driver;
@FindBy(xpath = ".//*[@id='kw']")
private WebElement inputBox;
//输入框
@FindBy(xpath = ".//*[@id='su']")
private WebElement searchButton;
//搜索按钮
@假如("^我打开火狐浏览器$")
public void openFirefox() throws Throwable{
System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.marionette",
"src/main/resourcec/geckodriver.exe");
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);
driver.manage().window().maximize();
}
@当("^输入百度的网址后,页面跳转到\"(.*)\"$")
public void openBaiduHomePage(String url) throws Throwable{
driver.get(url);
//不需要去声明百度首页的地址,因为它会从配置文件里面读取
}
@当("^输入(.*),点击搜索按钮之后$")
public void searchChina(String searchWord) throws Throwable{
inputBox.sendKeys(searchWord);
searchButton.click();
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
@那么("^页面标题会变为(.*)$")
public void keyword(String searchResult) throws Throwable{
Assert.assertEquals(driver.getTitle(), searchResult);
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
@同时("^关闭火狐浏览器$")
public void quit(){
driver.close();
driver.quit();
}
}
驱动类CucumberDriver.java:import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests;
@CucumberOptions(
features = "baiduSearch.feature",
format = {"pretty",
"html:target/cucumber-html-report",
"json:target/cucumber-json-report.json"}
)
/*指定cucumber.feature文件,在工程的根目录下
命令行/控制台输出日志
生成html测试报告
生成json测试报告*/
public class CucumberDriver extends AbstractTestNGCucumberTests {
}
运行一把,查看测试报告: