容量/负载/压力 测试的定义和区别是什么

hotsu

容量/负载/压力 测试的定义和区别是什么？
小弟希望能弄清它们单个的定义 和 区别！！

容量测试-负载测试-压力测试  ，好搞呕！！

ivyhuan

负载测试（Load Test）：负载测试是一种性能测试，指数据在超负荷环境中运行，程序是否能够承担。
关注点：how much
压力测试（Stress Test）： 也就是强度测试，是一种性能测试，他在系统资源特别低的情况下软件系统运行情况，目的是找到系统在哪里失效以及如何失效的地方。尤其感兴趣的是这些对系统的处理时间有甚么影响，这类测试在一种需要反常数量、频率或资源的方式吓执行系统。包括
Spike testing：短时间的极端负载测试
Extreme testing：在过量用户下的负载测试
Hammer testing：连续执行所有能做的操作
目标：通过极限测试方法，发现系统在极限或恶劣环境中自我保护能力。主要验证系统的可靠性。
容量测试：（volume testing）的目的是使系统承受超额的数据容量来发现它是否能够正确处理。
容量测试是面向数据的，并且它的目的是现实系统可以处理目标内确定的数据容量。
eg ： 使用编译器编译一个极其庞大的源程序
      一个操作系统的任务列队被充满
      庞大的Email信息和文件充满了Internet

enjoytest

What's the difference between load and stress testing ?


One of the most common, but unfortunate misuse of terminology
is treating "load testing" and "stress testing" as synonymous.   The
consequence of this ignorant semantic abuse is usually that the system
is neither properly "load tested" nor subjected to a meaningful  stress
test.

1.    Stress testing is subjecting a system to an unreasonable load
while denying it the resources (e.g., RAM, disc, mips, interrupts,
etc.) needed to process that load.  The idea is to stress a system to
the breaking point in order to find bugs that will make that break
potentially harmful.  The system is not expected to process the
overload without adequate resources, but to behave (e.g., fail) in a
decent manner (e.g., not corrupting or losing data).  Bugs and failure
modes discovered under stress testing may or  may not be repaired
depending on the application, the failure mode, consequences, etc.  
The load (incoming transaction stream) in stress testing is often
deliberately distorted so as to force the system into resource
depletion.

2.    Load testing is subjecting a system to a statistically
representative (usually) load.  The two main reasons for using such
loads is in support of software reliability testing and in
performance testing.  The term "load testing" by itself is too vague
and imprecise to warrant use.  For example, do you mean representative
load," "overload," "high load," etc.  In performance testing, load is
varied from a minimum (zero) to the maximum level the system can
sustain without running out of resources or having, transactions
suffer (application-specific) excessive delay.

3.    A third use of the term is as a test whose objective is to
determine the maximum sustainable load the system can handle.   
In this usage, "load testing" is merely testing at the highest
transaction arrival rate in performance testing.

njglman

感谢！二楼能否再提供一些软件性能测试英文名词解释的文档和资料！

jimfeng

容量测试:通过测试预先反映出软件的某项极限值(如最大并发用户数),测试系统在极限情况下   
         没有出现问题或主要功能正常使用
负载测试:在一定工作负荷下给系统造成的负荷和系统的响应时间
压力测试:系统在超负荷情况下的表现,尤其是他对系统的处理时间有什么影响!

烟雨寒风

人生test

压力测试应该是负载测试的一种特例。负载是从零负载一直到中等负载，再到高负载，再到超负载这个过程。压力测试就是直接超负载，找能让系统达到失效，出错的那个点。我是这样理解的。

人生test

压力测试应该是负载测试的一种特例。负载是从零负载一直到中等负载，再到高负载，再到超负载这个过程。压力测试就是直接超负载，找能让系统达到失效，出错的那个点。我是这样理解的。