selenium 入门学习 (一)
一、创建maven工程在pom.xml依赖中添加selenium的jar包：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
<version>2.53.1</version>
</dependency> 二、创建第一个seleniumTest类：
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class SeleniumTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver webdriver = new ChromeDriver();
webdriver.get("https://www.baidu.com/");
}
} 启动测试报错：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.chrome.driver system property; for more information, see https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver. The latest version can be downloaded from http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
at com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState(Preconditions.java:199)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.findExecutable(DriverService.java:109)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService.access$000(ChromeDriverService.java:32)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService$Builder.findDefaultExecutable(ChromeDriverService.java:137)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.build(DriverService.java:296)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(ChromeDriverService.java:88)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:116)
at com.pingan.csj.SeleniumTest.main(SeleniumTest.java:8) 报错原因：没有找到chromeWebDriver,下载webDriver放到工程文件下（下载地址：
https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads）
代码中增加设置WebDriver路径
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class SeleniumTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//配置webDriver路径
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\workspace-ta\\csj\\src\\main\\resources\\driver\\chromedriver.exe");
WebDriver webdriver = new ChromeDriver();
webdriver.get("https://www.baidu.com/");
}
} 重新执行；
启动后报错如下：
Starting ChromeDriver 2.22.397933 (1cab651507b88dec79b2b2a22d1943c01833cc1b) on port 39480
Only local connections are allowed.
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: session not created exception
from unknown error: Runtime.executionContextCreated has invalid 'context': {"auxData":{"frameId":"103372.1","isDefault":true},"id":1,"name":"","origin":"://"}
(Session info: chrome=59.0.3071.115)
(Driver info: chromedriver=2.22.397933 (1cab651507b88dec79b2b2a22d1943c01833cc1b),platform=Windows NT 6.1.7601 SP1 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)
Command duration or timeout: 3.83 seconds
Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1cd5757287168e54b817830adce9b0158d', time: '2016-06-30 19:26:09'
System info: host: 'PAFSH-D0564', ip: '10.28.81.85', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_80'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:206)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:158)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:678)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:249)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:131)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:144)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:170)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:159)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:116)
at com.pingan.csj.SeleniumTest.main(SeleniumTest.java:12) 报错原因：webDriver和chrome版本不匹配;报错session不能创建一般都是这个原因；找到匹配版
本替换webdriver；重新执行；执行成功
三、对代码进行部分优化
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class SeleniumTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// 通过查找当前路径返回一个规范化路径，这样可以把工程放到不同地方执行了
String driverPath = new File("./").getCanonicalPath() + "/src/main/resources/driver/chromedriver.exe";
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", driverPath);
WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
webDriver.get("https://www.baidu.com/");
webDriver.close();
}
}
:victory:
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