appium 自动化测试之知乎Android客户端-识别元素

恭喜发财dife

我们研究一下测试知乎Android客户端。自行下载

配置目录如下：把知乎客户端命名为zhihu.apk

编写基于java testng的测试用例：

由于本人是熟悉selenium webdriver，所以在Android对象识别时，采用的策略和selenium webdriver
类似
怎么去识别APP的元素的，这里用到Android SDK  tools 目录下的工具uiautomatorviewer ，
执行uiautomatorviewer.bat就可
首先解析zhihu app 拿到其package 和 activity，这里使用appium gui界面，具体操作如图：


接下来识别APP的元素，比如登陆按钮，看到resourceId，可以是雨天webdriver的find Element By.id

至于登陆用户名和密码，在Android中都是EditText控件，可以使用By.class

完成对象识别，最终代码如下：

1. package com.dbyl.core;
   
2. 
   
3. import org.openqa.selenium.By;
   
4. import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
   
5. import org.openqa.selenium.remote.CapabilityType;
   
6. import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
   
7. 
   
8. 
   
9. 
   
10. import org.testng.Assert;
    
11. import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
    
12. import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
    
13. import org.testng.annotations.Test;
    
14. 
    
15. import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;
    
16. 
    
17. import java.io.File;
    
18. import java.net.URL;
    
19. import java.util.List;
    
20. import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
21. 
    
22. public class zhiHu {
    
23.     private  AndroidDriver  driver;
    
24. 
    
25.     @BeforeMethod(alwaysRun=true)
    
26.     public void setUp() throws Exception {
    
27.         // set up appium
    
28.         File classpathRoot = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"));
    
29.         File appDir = new File(classpathRoot, "apps");
    
30.         File app = new File(appDir, "zhihu.apk");
    
31.         DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
    
32.         capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME, "");
    
33.         capabilities.setCapability("platformName", "Android");
    
34.         capabilities.setCapability("deviceName","Android Emulator");
    
35.         capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "4.4");
    
36.         //if no need install don't add this
    
37.         capabilities.setCapability("app", app.getAbsolutePath());
    
38.         capabilities.setCapability("appPackage", "com.zhihu.android");
    
39.         //support Chinese
    
40.         capabilities.setCapability("unicodeKeyboard" ,"True");
    
41.         capabilities.setCapability("resetKeyboard", "True");
    
42.         //no need sign
    
43.         capabilities.setCapability("noSign", "True");
    
44.         capabilities.setCapability("appActivity", ".ui.activity.GuideActivity");
    
45.         driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities);
    
46.     }
    
47. 
    
48.     @AfterMethod(alwaysRun=true)
    
49.     public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    
50.         driver.quit();
    
51.     }
    
52. 
    
53.     @Test(groups={"ZHTest"})
    
54.     public void Login(){
    
55.         //find login button
    
56.         WebElement loginButton = driver.findElement(By.id("com.zhihu.android:id/login"));
    
57.         loginButton.click();
    
58.         
    
59.         //wait for 20s
    
60.         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    
61.         
    
62.         //find login userName and password editText
    
63.         List<WebElement> textFieldsList = driver.findElementsByClassName("android.widget.EditText");
    
64.         textFieldsList.get(0).sendKeys("seleniumcookies@126.com");
    
65.         textFieldsList.get(1).sendKeys("cookies123");
    
66.         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    
67.         
    
68.         //find ok button byName
    
69.         driver.findElementByName("OK").click();
    
70.         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(90, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    
71.         
    
72.         //find keyword 首页 and verify it is display
    
73.         Assert.assertTrue( driver.findElement(By.name("首页")).isDisplayed());
    
74.         
    
75.         
    
76.     }
    
77. }

复制代码

接下来就可以debug,首先启动Android模拟器 ，启动完毕后再明明很测试，若结果如下：

说明模拟器可以使用

接下来在命令行运行apppium

等待1-2分钟

run as testng,就能看到自动安装，登陆知乎

PASSED: Login

===============================================
Default test
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================


===============================================
Default suite
Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.EmailableReporter2@4474c7fe: 1938 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.JUnitReportReporter@1fdf50a3: 121 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by [FailedReporter passed=0 failed=0 skipped=0]: 0 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.XMLReporter@697748ae: 423 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.jq.Main@68450212: 1669 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.SuiteHTMLReporter@7f92deaf: 240 ms

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