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标题: Python+Selenium WebUI自动化框架 -- 基础操作封装 [打印本页]

作者: 魂尾ACE 时间: 2020-5-12 22:32
标题: Python+Selenium WebUI自动化框架 -- 基础操作封装
本帖最后由魂尾ACE 于 2020-5-12 22:34 编辑

前言：

   封装Selenium基本操作，
知识储备前提：熟练python语言理论与实际运用，熟悉selenium库与自动化测试环境配置。

browseroperator.py 浏览器操作

webdriveroperator.py    WEBd页操作

分层设计：基础目录，浏览器操作与WEB操作分开。

一、browseroperator.py 的代码如下：

1、初始化函数def __init__(self)，初始化浏览相关参数

2、初始化浏览器方法def open_url(self, **kwargs)，先判断使用哪种浏览器。

**kwargs是不定长参数，dict格式，参数只需要传 url='www.baidu.com' ,方法调用只用  opr.open_url(url='www.baidu.com')，打开了浏览器，他会返回webdriver的句柄，调用处接收到全流程操作网站元素。

暂时还未封装IE 、火狐，留给各位朋友们实现吧，让我们一起学习

3、def close_browser（self, **kwargs）关闭浏览器，齐活，一并封装了

import os
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from common.getconf import Config
from common.getfiledir import BASEFACTORYDIR

class BrowserOperator(object):

def __init__(self):
      self.conf = Config()
      self.driver_path = os.path.join(BASEFACTORYDIR, 'chromedriver.exe')

def open_url(self, **kwargs):
      """
      打开网页
      :param url:
      :return: 返回 webdriver
      """
      try:
         url = kwargs['locator']
      except KeyError:
         return False, '没有URL参数'
      try:
         type = self.conf.get('base', 'browser_type') #从配置文件里取浏览器的类型
         if type == 'chrome':
            #处理chrom弹出的info
            # chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
            # #option.add_argument('disable-infobars')
            # chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation'])
            # self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options, executable_path=self.driver_path)
            self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=self.driver_path)
            self.driver.maximize_window()
            self.driver.get(url)
         elif type == 'IE':
            print('IE 浏览器')
         else:
            print('火狐浏览器')
      except Exception as e:
         return False, e
      return True, self.driver

def close_browser(self, **kwargs):
      """
      关闭浏览器
      :return:
      """
      self.driver.quit()
      return True, '关闭浏览器成功'

二、webdriveroperator.py代码如下

1、def __init__(self, driver:Chrome)，初始化浏览器返回的deriver句柄，

2、内容不一一介绍了，实现了所有页面的操作，定义成功与否判断、日志返回等细节。各位看官细细品尝，细节都在代码里，每个方法注释大体可以说明了这个方法意义，很容易看懂。

      还有很多UI操作没有搬运上来，留给各位朋友们去实现吧，让我们一起学习

import os
import time

from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver import Chrome
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from common.getfiledir import SCREENSHOTDIR

class WebdriverOperator(object):

def __init__(self, driver:Chrome):
      self.driver = driver

def get_screenshot_as_file(self):
      """
      截屏保存
      :return:返回路径
      """
      pic_name = str.split(str(time.time()), '.')[0] + str.split(str(time.time()), '.')[1] + '.png'
      screent_path = os.path.join(SCREENSHOTDIR, pic_name)
      self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(screent_path)
      return screent_path

def gotosleep(self, **kwargs):
      time.sleep(3)
      return True, '等待成功'

def web_implicitly_wait(self, **kwargs):
      """
      隐式等待
      :return:
      type  存时间
      """
      try:
         s = kwargs['time']
      except KeyError:
         s = 10
      try:
         self.driver.implicitly_wait(s)
      except NoSuchElementException:
         return False, '隐式等待页面元素未加载完成'
      return True, '隐式等待元素加载完成'

def web_element_wait(self, **kwargs):
      """
      等待元素可见
      :return:
      """
      try:
         type = kwargs['type']
         locator = kwargs['locator']
      except KeyError:
         return False, '未传需要等待元素的定位参数'
      try:
         s = kwargs['time']
      except KeyError:
         s = 30
      try:
         if type == 'id':
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, s, 0.5).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, locator)))
         elif type == 'name':
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, s, 0.5).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.NAME, locator)))
         elif type == 'class':
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, s, 0.5).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, locator)))
         elif type == 'xpath':
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, s, 0.5).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, locator)))
         elif type == 'css':
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, s, 0.5).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, locator)))
         else:
            return False, '不能识别元素类型[' + type + ']'
      except NoSuchElementException:
         return False, '元素[' + locator + ']等待出现超时'
      return True, '元素[' + locator + ']等待出现成功'

def find_element(self, type, locator, index = 0):
      """
      定位元素
      :param type:
      :param itor:
      :param index:
      :return:
      """
      #isinstance(self.driver, selenium.webdriver.Chrome.)
      type = str.lower(type)
      try:
         if type == 'id':
            elem = self.driver.find_elements_by_id(locator)[index]
         elif type == 'name':
            elem = self.driver.find_elements_by_name(locator)[index]
         elif type == 'class':
            elem = self.driver.find_elements_by_class_name(locator)[index]
         elif type == 'xpath':
            elem = self.driver.find_elements_by_xpath(locator)[index]
         elif type == 'css':
            elem = self.driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(locator)[index]
         else:
            return False, '不能识别元素类型:[' + type + ']'
      except Exception:
         screenshot_path = self.get_screenshot_as_file()
         return False, '获取[' + type + ']元素[' + locator + ']失败,已截图[' + screenshot_path + '].'
      return True, elem

def element_click(self, **kwargs):
      """
      点击
      :param kwargs:
      :return:
      """
      try:
         type = kwargs['type']
         locator = kwargs['locator']

      except KeyError:
         return False, '缺少传参'
      try:
         index = kwargs['index']
      except KeyError:
         index = 0
      _isOK, _strLOG = self.find_element(type, locator, index)
      if not _isOK:    #元素没找到，返回失败结果
         return _isOK, _strLOG
      elem = _strLOG
      try:
         elem.click()
      except Exception:
         screenshot_path = self.get_screenshot_as_file()
         return False, '元素['+ locator +']点击失败,已截图[' + screenshot_path + '].'
      return True, '元素['+ locator +']点击成功'

def element_input(self, **kwargs):
      """
      输入
      :param kwargs:
      :return:
      """
      try:
         type = kwargs['type']
         locator = kwargs['locator']
         text = str(kwargs['input'])
      except KeyError:
         return False, '缺少传参'
      try:
         index = kwargs['index']
      except KeyError:
         index = 0
      _isOK, _strLOG = self.find_element(type, locator, index)
      if not _isOK:  # 元素没找到，返回失败结果
         return _isOK, _strLOG
      elem = _strLOG
      # if 'test' != elem.get_property('type'):    #校验元素是不是text输入框
      #    screenshot_path = self.get_screenshot_as_file()
      #    return False, '元素['+ itor +']不是输入框,输入失败,已截图[' + screenshot_path + '].'
      try:
         elem.send_keys(text)
      except Exception:
         screenshot_path = self.get_screenshot_as_file()
         return False, '元素['+ locator +']输入['+ text +']失败,已截图[' + screenshot_path + '].'
      return True, '元素['+ locator +']输入['+ text +']成功'

结语：封装了基础类，还得实现一个工厂，实现统一一个入口执行所有自动化，后续更新。

作者: szc123qq 时间: 2020-5-13 09:05

作者: Miss_love 时间: 2020-12-25 13:58
感谢分享

作者: 尚云鹏 时间: 2020-12-28 23:10
好的总结，Mark下，后期学习

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