Cucumber：Hello World

巴黎的灯光下 发表于 2019-3-1 16:08:48

##简介##OSChina 的链接 Cucumberruby 的 BDD框架，类似自然语言的DSL，适用于BDD模式和验收测试。BookThe Rspec BookThe Cucumber Book##Before Start##安装，Ruby和RubyGems环境就不说了，那就剩下一句话
gem install cucumber##Step By Step ##1: 描述行为文件 "./features/greeter_says_hello.feature"
Feature: greeter says hello
Cucumber的Hello World

Scenario: 对世界打个招呼吧
Given 如果我给了你一个测试的hello
When 当我执行greet的时候
Then 我应该看到 "Hello Cucumber!"一个Feature 可以理解为一个功能，一个Feature由三部分组成：
[*]标题：greeter says hello
[*]描述：2～4行
[*]Scenario（场景）：最后一部分
一个Feature可以有多个场景，标题和描述部分可以使用中文。一个Scenario是对feature的划分，比如一个登录的feature，scenario可以是不同角色的登录情况。（细节待补） Given When Then 是这种DSL里的关键字还有And然后在.目录里运行一下
$ cucumber features
   Feature: greeter says hello
      Cucumber的Hello World

      Scenario: 对世界打个招呼吧          # features/greeter_says_hello.feature:3
         Given 如果我给了你一个测试的hello    # features/greeter_says_hello.feature:4
         When 当我执行greet的时候    # features/greeter_says_hello.feature:5
         Then 我应该看到 "Hello Cucumber!" # features/greeter_says_hello.feature:6

   1 scenario (1 undefined)
   3 steps (3 undefined)
   0m0.003s

   You can implement step definitions for undefined steps with these snippets:

   Given /^如该我给了你一个测试的hello$/ do
      pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
   end

   When /^当我给你一个greet的时候$/ do
      pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
   end

   Then /^我应该看到 "(.*?)"$/ do |arg1|
      pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
   end2: Write a step definition in Ruby文件：./features/step_definitions/greeter_steps.rb(注：这里文件名没有硬性规定是根据内部的代码来查找的，greeter可以用greeter_says_hello_steps.rb)把上面输出的内容copy进来
# -*- encoding : utf-8 -*-
Given /^如该我给了你一个测试的hello$/ do
   pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
end

When /^当我给你一个greet的时候$/ do
   pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
end

Then /^我应该看到 "(.*?)"$/ do |arg1|
   pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
end运行一下看看结果
$ cucumber features
Feature: greeter says hello
   Cucumber的Hello World

   Scenario: 对世界打个招呼吧          # features/greeter_says_hello.feature:3
   Given 如该我给了你一个测试的hello    # features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:2
      TODO (Cucumber::Pending)
      ./features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:3:in `/^如该我给了你一个测试的hello$/'
      features/greeter_says_hello.feature:4:in `Given 如该我给了你一个测试的hello'
   When 当我给你一个greet的时候    # features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:6
   Then 我应该看到 "Hello Cucumber!" # features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:10

1 scenario (1 pending)
3 steps (2 skipped, 1 pending)
0m0.004spending指正在进行中，因为Given是正在pending，所以跳过了when和thenOK，然后写一些真正的Step文件：./features/step_definitions/greeter_steps.rb
# -*- encoding : utf-8 -*-
Given /^如该我给了你一个测试的hello$/ do
@hello = Hello.new
end

When /^当我给你一个greet的时候$/ do
@message = @hello.greet
end

Then /^我应该看到 "(.*?)"$/ do |greeting|
@message.should == greeting
end这里需要注意的是then里面的 greeting代表的是前面那个描述里面的双引号扩起来的结果3: Run and watch it fail
$ cucumber features
Feature: greeter says hello
   Cucumber的Hello World

   Scenario: 对世界打个招呼吧          # features/greeter_says_hello.feature:3
   Given 如该我给了你一个测试的hello    # features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:7
      uninitialized constant Hello (NameError)
      ./features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:8:in `/^如该我给了你一个测试的hello$/'
      features/greeter_says_hello.feature:4:in `Given 如该我给了你一个测试的hello'
   When 当我给你一个greet的时候       # features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:11
   Then 我应该看到 "Hello Cucumber!" # features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:15

Failing Scenarios:
cucumber features/greeter_says_hello.feature:3 # Scenario: 对世界打个招呼吧

1 scenario (1 failed)
3 steps (1 failed, 2 skipped)
0m0.003s4: Write code to make the step pass文件：./features/step_definitions/greeter_steps.rb(注：为了简单起见我就直接写到这里面了)
# -*- encoding : utf-8 -*-
class Hello
def greet
"Hello Cucumber!"
end
end
Given /^如该我给了你一个测试的hello$/ do
@hello = Hello.new
end

When /^当我给你一个greet的时候$/ do
@message = @hello.greet
end

Then /^我应该看到 "(.*?)"$/ do |greeting|
@message.should == greeting
end5: Run again and see the step pass
$ cucumber features
Feature: greeter says hello
   Cucumber的Hello World

   Scenario: 对世界打个招呼吧          # features/greeter_says_hello.feature:3
   Given 如该我给了你一个测试的hello    # features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:7
   When 当我给你一个greet的时候       # features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:11
   Then 我应该看到 "Hello Cucumber!" # features/step_definitions/g_steps.rb:15

1 scenario (1 passed)
3 steps (3 passed)
0m0.003s6: Repeat 2-5 until green like a cuke##Summary##从Hello World可以看出，cucumber还是很强大滴，并且输出和定义对非专业人员（需求啊 Boss啊客户啊）都很友好，如果是个不爱写文档的程序员，可以考虑用cucumber来代替一下。BTW：虽然例子是ruby，不过cucumber还支持其他语言的，这就得看自己了。

页: [1]

51Testing软件测试论坛 's Archiver

Cucumber：Hello World