selenium处理select标签的下拉框
有时候我们会碰到<select></select>标签的下拉框。直接点击下拉框中的选项不一定可行。Selenium专门提供了Select类来处理下拉框。
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<select id="status" class="form-control valid" onchange="" name="status">
<option value=""></option>
<option value="0">未审核</option>
<option value="1">初审通过</option>
<option value="2">复审通过</option>
<option value="3">审核不通过</option>
</select>
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Python
先以python为例，查看Selenium代码select.py文件的实现：
...\selenium\webdriver\support\select.py
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class Select:
def __init__(self, webelement):
"""
Constructor. A check is made that the given element is, indeed, a SELECT tag. If it is not,
then an UnexpectedTagNameException is thrown.
:Args:
- webelement - element SELECT element to wrap
Example:
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select \n
Select(driver.find_element_by_tag_name("select")).select_by_index(2)
"""
if webelement.tag_name.lower() != "select":
raise UnexpectedTagNameException(
"Select only works on <select> elements, not on <%s>" %
webelement.tag_name)
self._el = webelement
multi = self._el.get_attribute("multiple")
self.is_multiple = multi and multi != "false"
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查看Select类的实现需要一个元素的定位。并且Example中给了例句。
Select(driver.find_element_by_tag_name("select")).select_by_index(2)
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def select_by_index(self, index):
"""Select the option at the given index. This is done by examing the "index" attribute of an
element, and not merely by counting.
:Args:
- index - The option at this index will be selected
"""
match = str(index)
matched = False
for opt in self.options:
if opt.get_attribute("index") == match:
self._setSelected(opt)
if not self.is_multiple:
return
matched = True
if not matched:
raise NoSuchElementException("Could not locate element with index %d" % index)
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继续查看select_by_index() 方法的使用并符合上面的给出的下拉框的要求，因为它要求下拉框的选项必须要
有index属性，例如index=”1”。
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def select_by_value(self, value):
"""Select all options that have a value matching the argument. That is, when given "foo" this
would select an option like:
<option value="foo">Bar</option>
:Args:
- value - The value to match against
"""
css = "option" % self._escapeString(value)
opts = self._el.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, css)
matched = False
for opt in opts:
self._setSelected(opt)
if not self.is_multiple:
return
matched = True
if not matched:
raise NoSuchElementException("Cannot locate option with value: %s" % value)
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继续查看select_by_value() 方法符合我们的需求，它用于选取<option>标签的value值。最终，可以通过下面
有实现选择下拉框的选项。
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from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
……
sel = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id='status']")
Select(sel).select_by_value('0')#未审核
Select(sel).select_by_value('1')#初审通过
Select(sel).select_by_value('2')#复审通过
Select(sel).select_by_value('3')#审核不通过
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Java
当然，在java中的用法也类似，唯一不区别在语法层面有。
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package com.jase.base;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.By.ById;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
public class SelectTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
WebDriver driver = newChromeDriver();
driver.get("http://www.you_url.com");
// ……
Select sel = new Select(driver.findElement(ById.xpath("//select[@id='status']")));
sel.selectByValue("0"); //未审核
sel.selectByValue("1"); //初审通过
sel.selectByValue("2"); //复审通过
sel.selectByValue("3"); //审核不通过
}
}
:victory:
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